T1557.003: DHCP Spoofing
DHCP Spoofing (T1557.003) é uma técnica catalogada no MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise usada como referência para mapear comportamento adversário em auditorias de segurança.
Contexto para AppSec
Em uma auditoria de AppSec, DHCP Spoofing deve ser usada para revisar caminhos em que código, configuração, dependências ou infraestrutura podem viabilizar o comportamento descrito pela MITRE. No ATT&CK, ela aparece em Credential Access e Collection. As plataformas mapeadas pela MITRE incluem Linux, Windows e macOS. No Vigly, esse contexto ajuda a conectar evidências do repositório com priorização e remediação.
Descrição oficial original do MITRE ATT&CK
Adversaries may redirect network traffic to adversary-owned systems by spoofing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) traffic and acting as a malicious DHCP server on the victim network. By achieving the adversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position, adversaries may collect network communications, including passed credentials, especially those sent over insecure, unencrypted protocols. This may also enable follow-on behaviors such as Network Sniffing or Transmitted Data Manipulation. DHCP is based on a client-server model and has two functionalities: a protocol for providing network configuration settings from a DHCP server to a client and a mechanism for allocating network addresses to clients. The typical server-client interaction is as follows: 1. The client broadcasts a DISCOVER message. 2. The server responds with an OFFER message, which includes an available network address. 3. The client broadcasts a REQUEST message, which includes the network address offered. 4. The server acknowledges with an ACK message and the client receives the network configuration parameters. Adversaries may spoof as a rogue DHCP server on the victim network, from which legitimate hosts may receive malicious network configurations. For example, malware can act as a DHCP server and provide adversary-owned DNS servers to the victimized computers. Through the malicious network configurations, an adversary may achieve the AiTM position, route client traffic through adversary-controlled systems, and collect information from the client network. DHCPv6 clients can receive network configuration information without being assigned an IP address by sending a INFORMATION-REQUEST (code 11) message to the All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers multicast address. Adversaries may use their rogue DHCP server to respond to this request message with malicious network configurations. Rather than establishing an AiTM position, adversaries may also abuse DHCP spoofing to perform a DHCP exhaustion attack (i.e, Service Exhaustion Flood) by generating many broadcast DISCOVER messages to exhaust a network’s DHCP allocation pool.
Como o Vigly audita a técnica DHCP Spoofing automaticamente na sua pipeline
O Vigly cruza sinais de SAST, modelagem de ameaças, regras de negócio e evidências do repositório para priorizar riscos reais antes que eles cheguem à produção.
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